Forms of Self-Harm Common in People With PTSD

Forms of Self-Harm Common in People With PTSD PTSD Related Conditions Print Forms of Self-Harm Common in People With PTSD By Matthew Tull, PhD twitter Matthew Tull, PhD is a professor of psychology at the University of Toledo, specializing in post-traumatic stress disorder. Learn about our editorial policy Matthew Tull, PhD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on July 04, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on January 21, 2020 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes & Risk Factors Treatment Living With In Children Getty Images Self-mutilation in people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD self-mutilation), and in general, is deliberate and direct self-harm, such as cutting or burning, with the intent to injure or destroy body tissues.?? Self-mutilation (also called self-harm or self-injury) isnt an attempt at suicide, but it does result in injury severe enough to cause tissue damage. Prevalence of Self-Harming in People With PTSD Self-harm is usually a reaction to a traumatic experience or set of experiences, with sexual abuse being the most common trigger.?? One review study, for example, found that many people who self-harm on a regular basis had experienced child maltreatment, particularly sexual abuse.?? According to the National Center for PTSD at the Department of Veterans Affairs, self-harm is unusual but not extremely so:?? It is estimated that in the general public, 2% to 6% engage in self-harm at some point in their lives. Among students, the rates are higher, ranging from 13% to 35%. Rates of self-harm are also higher among those in treatment for mental health problems. Those in treatment who have a diagnosis of PTSD are more likely to engage in self-harm than those without PTSD. Forms of Self-Harm Common in People With PTSD Reasons for Self-Harming It appears that deliberate self-harm is a way of expressing and managing negative emotions, such as anxiety, sadness, shame, and/or anger.?? Deliberate self-harm may also provide a temporary escape from emotional pain. However, although it may bring a kind of temporary relief from painful emotions, the emotions may return and intensify afterward. People who have PTSD may use deliberate self-harm as a way of coming toâ€"getting back in touch with the present moment (also called grounding). In this form of PTSD self-mutilation, when people with PTSD experience dissociation or flashbacks, they may do self-harm, such as cutting or burning, to shock their bodies back into the present moment and end the dissociation or flashbacks.?? Impulsive Behaviors in PTSD What Does PTSD Self-Harm Look Like? While more severe cases of self-harming may be obvious, many people injure themselves secretly and hide the resulting wounds or scars. As a result, it may not be obvious that someone is self-harming until a major issue arises. Self-mutilation behaviors may include:?? CuttingBurningNeedle-stickingHead-bangingSkin-carvingSevere scratchingPunching oneselfBiting oneself Cutting, skin-carving, severe scratching, head-banging, and punching oneself are some of the most common methods of self-injury.?? Treatment Options for PTSD Treatment for PTSD Self-Harm Deliberate self-harm is a seriously injurious behavior. The injury itself may be serious, requiring medical care, and untreated injuries may become infected. Unless a self-harming person gets treatment to help stop it, the mutilations may get more severe over time. Of course, self-harm is not a cure for any of the unresolved emotions that cause the behavior; as a result, self-mutilation is unlikely to resolve itself.?? The most common treatment for self-harming is psychological therapy. Although self-harm is associated with other issues, therapy is most effective when it focuses specifically on self-mutilation. Once the behavior is managed, it is possible to address the underlying trauma and emotional distress that caused it.?? The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Resources for People Who Need Help If you are cutting, burning, or otherwise harming yourself, or if you know someone who is, its very important to seek help. The S.A.F.E. Alternatives website provides resources and referrals for people struggling with deliberate self-harm. PTSD: Coping, Support, and Living Well

American History Response Paper

American History DBQ Essay Example American Revolution Discussion What did the Revolutionary Generation say the ideals were? The ideologists of the American Revolution believed that any government is hostile to freedom and seeks to establish a spiritual monopoly. They were trying to protect the citizens from the government and its merger with a church. These principles has defined the American attitude to the country, its political system and its role in the world. They have had a significant impact on the world, in particular on the French Revolution. Until now, any democratic movement refers to the great thoughts, once formulated by the founding fathers: all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness (Zinn, 2005, p. 54). The main purpose of the revolution was not the overthrow or even fixing the existing social order, but the protection and assertion of political freedoms, which were under threat due to the expansion of the legal system.

Depression The Egyptian Remedies - 2115 Words

A very brief history of depression People have struggled with depression for a very long time. There is much useful information about depression that has been passed on since the beginning of recorded history. Depression is as old as time. Over five thousand years ago, depression appeared in the hieroglyphics, paintings, and statue of pharaonic Egypt (Okasha Okasha, 2000). At that time, people with depression were not stigmatized (Okasha, 2001). That was a big plus. People are more likely to address depression if they view it as a natural bit interruptive phase of living rather than as something shameful. The Egyptian remedies included sleep, journey, and dance. In ancient Greece, Hippocrates- also known as the father of medicine- found that depression had many symptoms, such as nameless fears, irritability, loss of appetite, despondency, and sleepnessness (Radden, 2000; Simon, 1978). He thought that people were born with a vulnerability for depression and that stressful circumstances evoke it. A person’s biol ogy can influence his/her thoughts and behavior. Also emotions affect the course of a disease. By modern standards many of Hippocrates’ observations seem on target. He prescribed diet and exercise as first line treatment against depression. In the eleventh century, Arabian physician Avicenna connected depression to physical and psychological causes (Radden, 2000). He was among the first to say that you can think your way into depression and think your way out.Show MoreRelatedStudy Of Botanical / Herbal Medication1076 Words   |  5 Pagesdocumentation of them. Natural medications touch bases on the pre-historic therapeutic purpose. For instances, Ehrlich states in â€Å"Ancient Chinese and Egyptian papyrus writings describe uses for plants as early as 3,000 B.C.† (Ehrlich Web) Additionally, a wide range of countries grounded traditional systems that partake in many rituals and remedies. This unexpectedly manifested the phenomenon of botanical/herbal medications that p eople across the country now see. Ehrlich concludes â€Å"scientists beganRead MoreHerbal Remedies Should Not Be Legal938 Words   |  4 PagesConsidering herbal remedies have been recorded for thousands of years for medicinal purposes, I do not understand why I am not given choices for my health therapy. Herbal remedies should not only be an option in the past, but should be considered and option made accessible to everyone today. Using herbal remedies and supplements has changed and restored my health, as I was able to cure my serious health issue without the use of prescription medication. Herbs and herbal remedies have a long historyRead MoreAbu Mena Essays1441 Words   |  6 Pagesby the Egyptian (Vegetation-The Wonders of Egypt,). Pomegranates need to live in semi-arid-mild temperate, and are naturally adapted regions with cool winters and hot summer. Egypt is also known for their different animal population. Cats were considered very important animals of ancient Egypt; they were both pets and symbols. The scarab beetle, jackal, crocodile, hippos and falcon are just a few to show the variety in Egypt. The crocodile was one of the biggest problems for Egyptians consideringRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Ancient Greece And Greek Medicine1675 Words   |  7 Pagesso different is due to their geography. Many scholars believe that the Egyptians power structure, which was reflected in the erection of their monumental structures, was due to the easy access of resources and the abundant Nile. This enabled them to develop a strong central bureaucratic class and government system. These differences can also be attributed to the disparities in their religions and belief systems. As Egyptians had a very strong belief in the afterlife and built pyramids to help theirRead MoreAlternative Medicine : Medicine And Medicine1442 Word s   |  6 Pagesforms of alternative medicine from different civilizations. These forms of medicines are often passed through the generations of families often the families have their own concoction of ingredients which are remedies for common diseases such as: colds, allergies, Arthritis, Asthma, Depression, and Cystic Fibrosis. Although these forms of treatments may seem unprofessional they have worked for centuries and will continue to work as long as they are practiced properly. many schools today offer degreesRead MoreRheumatoid Arthritis And Treatment Of Arthritis Essay1701 Words   |  7 PagesRheumatoid Arthritis or RA has been around since early humanity. Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory joint disease, which can cause cartilage and bone damage. Diseased joints have been found in well preserved Egyptian mummies. Showing that arthritis was prevalent among Egyptians. Hippocrates a Greek physician who is known for the Hippocratic oath, described the symptoms of arthritis. It was not until 216 AD that the term rheumatismus was used to describe the joint inflammation. Alfred BaringRead MoreOutline Of Major Depressive Disorder2556 Words   |  11 PagesHandbook Salisbury University The disorder I will be focusing on is Major Depressive Disorder. 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Tahtawi saw France’s representative government as a way to recentralize Egypt’s rule within theRead MoreHerbal Medicine : The Use Of Natural Plant Substances For Treat And Prevent Illness1822 Words   |  8 Pagesherbal remedies could possibly be safer to use and deemed supplementary beneficial. It is time to delve deeper into the process of herbal medicines and more specific details on the healing processes. There is no denying that the evolution of medicine has come a long way through the use of science and manufacturing, but where did it all begin? Throughout history there have been documents found from cultures all over the world revealing that the ancient Chinese, Indians, Babylonians, Egyptians, and NativeRead MoreTraditional Medicine Essay1907 Words   |  8 Pagesfolk medicine that is to say long standing remedies passed on and practiced by lay people ,folk medicine consists of healing practices and ideas of body physiology and health preservations known to some in a culture , transmitted informally as general knowledge , and practiced or applied by anyone in the culture having prior experience. Folk medicine can also be referred to as traditional medicine, indigenous medicine, or natural medicine. Also a home remedy is a treatment to cure a disease that employs

How Did This Experience Change Your Perception About...

Write a full page for each of the remaining ideas (Make sure to write in the final overview why I you only wrote one page) 2-3 pages double spaced How did this experience change your perception? Did it change your perception about yourself? About others? About the world? About your purpose as a human being? About the meaning of life? add a cool title Death is very real. It strikes when you least expect it, and then it’s over. This is something that you will learn sooner or later. You might be an adult with a career and an amazing home life. Maybe you’ll be a college student, struggling with bills and friends and everything. Loss of a loved one can happen to anyone. You can lose a major person in your life, or even you black haired, brown-eyed, black lab of a best friend. Either way, it will sneak up on you and will seem to kick you while you’re down. You’ll be living life like any other day, then you’ll get that phone call and you’ll be given news that no one should get: an important figure in your life is no longer with us. Losing your first loved one will be the hardest new experience in your life. Since they day you were born everything around you has been alive. When I was a little girl and there would be a dead animal in the road my mother would tell me â€Å"itâ⠂¬â„¢s sleeping, just taking a little nap. Even animals get tired.† She was shielding me from the harsh, bitter truth of death like I’m sure your parents did for you. This avoidance of the topic gives people anShow MoreRelatedArticle Review On What Your Mind By Changing Your Perception And Perspective Essay1063 Words   |  5 PagesChange Your Mind by Changing Your Perception and Perspective By Rita Botes | Submitted On May 29, 2011 Recommend Article Article Comments Print Article Share this article on Facebook Share this article on Twitter Share this article on Google+ Share this article on Linkedin Share this article on StumbleUpon Share this article on Delicious 1 Share this article on Digg Share this article on Reddit Share this article on Pinterest Expert Author Rita Botes Learning how to change your mind is oneRead MorePerception Drives Everything Our Life Essay1347 Words   |  6 Pagesis that perception drives everything in life. I am beginning to realise that all my negative states are the results of perception, or judgement of what is taking place in my life. Essentially it is all according to story, or the ego. Most of the perceptions we make are based on ego, our stories of what has happened in the past. This realisation has come due to an effort on my part to be more aware and conscious of what is taking place in my life. It is apparent that life is just perception; it isRead MoreWhy Is Self Awareness A Prerequisite For An Intimate Relationship?1680 Words   |  7 Pagesof the power these factors exert over you leads you to sabotage your attempts at developing a successful intimacy. Summary 1: What is Self-Awareness? Self-awareness is self-understanding and self-knowledge. It s getting to know your true, genuine self. 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Obtaining communication tools start when we are first born and then are compiled together, to form how each person communicates. One of the biggest ingredients of ‘communication formula’ is self- concept and self -perception. Both self-concept and self –perception play a huge role in communication because it sets the pathway to how we think; and how we think is going to comeRead MoreWays Of Men And Women1131 Words   |  5 Pages12.) Ways that men and women differ in how they cope with stress is that men are more likely to fight or leave, while women seek social support. Men will become focused, while women tend to become emotional and overwhelmed. 13.) People from different cultures may differ in their cognitive appraisals of stress because it indicates an individual s ethnic background is associated with what that person appraises as stressful. 14.) Hardiness is a characteristic that distinguishes stress-resistant peopleRead MoreConflict Analysis Part 1 and 21065 Words   |  5 PagesWeek 3 Conflict Analysis Part 1 Conflict Analysis Part 2 Conflict Analysis Part 1 1a. Who was involved in the conflict? What was the relationship between the participants prior to the conflict? Did it appear as if the relationship between the participants had any impact on how either person responded to the conflict? At my previous work, I have witness many conflict between customer and tenants. An example would be a customer had arguing with a phone career store employee because theirRead MoreSelf Reflection1042 Words   |  5 Pageson our initial experiences from our first caregiver. A child who had an unresponsive mother will  act  obnoxious or withdrawn so that people will want to keep their distance. Those with consistently responsive mothers are  confident  and connect well with their peers (Flora). 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One of the classes needed is communications. She was really nervous and concerned because she is very shy and uncomfortable making public presentations. I couldn’t have been more excited to explain my experience in the Introduction to Communications course and how this class can not only benefit her in the future, but also help her feel more comfortable presenting in front of

Essay about Television Censorship - 1601 Words

Television Censorship WHAT IS CENSORSHIP? quot;Censorship is the supervision and control of the information and ideas that are circulated among the people within a society. In modern times, censorship refers to the examination of books, periodicals, plays, films, television and radio programs, news reports, and other communication media for the purpose of altering or suppressing parts thought to be objectionable or offensive. The objectionable material may be considered immoral or obscene, heretical or blasphemous, seditious or treasonable, or injurious to the national security. Thus, the rationale for censorship is that it is necessary for the protection of three basic social institutions: the family, the church, and the state.†¦show more content†¦nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;In another incident a teen-aged boy was killed and two others seriously injured while lying down along the centerline of a highway. The boys were imitating a scene from the movie The Program. The accident and the publicity that followed prompted Touchstone films to remove the scene from the movie, but leaving many other violent scenes, including one in which a student purposely smashes his head through a car window (Microsoft Internet Explorer). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;I also believe that not only children but perhaps an quot;impressionable adultquot; for whatever reason could feel moved to commit these same acts of violence that are portrayed on uncensored movies and television. Many of these movies contain countless instances of torture and unnatural suffering, mass killings and ethnic persecution. Some of these same crimes are being committed as we speak by minors and adults all over the world. Who is to say that people are not influenced by viewing a movie that lacked proper censorship? WHAT ARE SOME OF THE GUIDELINES THAT GOVERN TELEVISION CENSORSHIP? FILM INDUSTRY GUIDELINES nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;quot;One US industry, the film industry has for many years practiced a form of self-censorship. In the 1920s, responding to public demands for strong controls, the Motion Picture Association ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on Censorship of Film and Television646 Words   |  3 PagesCensorship of Film and Television What is Censorship? It is the practice of officially examining books, movies, film, etc., and suppressing unacceptable parts. Censorship usually takes place based on religious, moral, or personal reasons. In Film, censorship has taken many turns and it is continuing to encounter many conflicts. Broadcasting organizations along with the FCC (Federal Communications Center) and the AFA (American Family Association) are supposedly doing everything in their power toRead MoreTelevision and Modern Technology Censorship2008 Words   |  9 PagesFCC has always been televisions number one source for protection when in regards to filtering which content gets to the viewer. Television will always change, but for the better I think not. Through the years, the FCC with censorship has been on an epic downfall that even dates back to how women were portrayed and even to the images that aired on national public television. Censorship covers a wide range of outlets whether it is music, television, o r the internet. Television worldwide may be oneRead MoreCensorship Is Not Limited Repressive Regimes Or Network Television?1522 Words   |  7 PagesCensorship is not limited to repressive regimes or network television. Weather we know it or not censorship is happening all the time throughout the day. We censor ourselves, we listen to censored music and as students we see the internet being heavily censored in school. The Children’s Internet Protection Act (CIPA) was signed into law in 2000; the law requires any public schools or library to filter any inappropriate content from the computers being used by minors. Since the law has been put inRead MoreTelevision Censorship Should not be Implied Essay536 Words   |  3 PagesTelevision Censorship Should not be Implied Television censorship should not be implied. In the Bill of Rights the first amendment states that we have the â€Å"Freedom of religion, speech, press, assembly, and petition†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bill of Rights, 1971). If this country worked so hard in order to gain these rights and preserve them, why would it want to abolish them? The constitution and the United States of America gave people these rights and freedoms so a person should be able to use them as they pleaseRead More Television Censorship in the Past and Present Essay example2001 Words   |  9 PagesTelevision Censorship in the Past and Present Typing in the web address http://www.censorship.com, I begin my search for information regarding the controversial subject. After a few seconds of waiting for the site to load, a black background comes up, with black font displaying the message: This site is not accessible because it is categorized as: Sex, Violence, Language. I immediately highlight the web address and annoyingly thrash at the delete button on my keyboard and watch it disappearRead More Television and Media - Censorship of TV Violence Not Necessary877 Words   |  4 PagesCensorship of TV Violence Not Necessary    Censorship of televised media often begins as a result of the concern many adults show over what their children watch. Children begin watching television at an early age, and they are usually lifetime viewers by the time they are two to three years old. There is usually a steady increase in the amount of television watched during a persons childhood. This is followed by a decline during adolescence. What is more of a concern to the American peopleRead More Television and Censorship - Violence Rating System Needed for TV1130 Words   |  5 PagesViolence Rating System Needed for TV Programs While society recognizes the detrimental effects of general television on children, parents and other child advocacy groups dont feel as though there is an adequate rating system. Consequences of ineffective rating systems are that childrens personalities are being negatively affected. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has made legislation to address this issue, but the childrens advocacy community is still dissatisfied. This communityRead MoreCensorship Of Television And Television1288 Words   |  6 PagesRestrictions were also placed against foreign news outlets following the election. Reporters from the Italian public television broadcaster Radiotelevisione Italiana claimed that one of its interpreters was beaten with clubs by riot police and the officers confiscated the cameraman’s tapes. The Al Arabiya’s offices in Tehran were closed for a week by Iranian authorities on June 14 and no explanation was given for the decision. Additionally, the director of British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) WorldRead More Censorship on Television Essay1204 Words   |  5 PagesThe government is correct in trying to censor what is seen on television. Censorship does not violate the first amendment and it prevents the harmful effects of graphic television. Many people are in favor of censorship and it may be accomplished without violating the rights of broadcasters or any other individuals. Censorship refers to suppression of information, ideas, or artistic expression by anyone, whether government officials, church authorities, private pressure groups, or speakers, writersRead More Television Censorship Essay522 Words   |  3 PagesTelevision Censorship Censorship in television is a very debatable topic in today’s media and social realms. Nowadays what is considered appropriate by many may actually be considered explicit or unsuitable by the people in charge. Some may wonder ‘who is deemed so highly that they can decide what is and is not appropriate to watch. The FCC (Federal Communications Commission) is ‘responsible for administratively enforcing the law that governs what is and is not appropriate. Within this article

The Civil War The United States Essay - 1751 Words

The Civil War The Civil War is a war that was fought in the United States from 1861 to 1865. The war was between the Union consisting of 23 free states and the Confederate comprising of 11 southern states, and 5 border states. The motive behind the Civil War was the concern over the institution of slavery within the eleven Southern states and the steps to expand slavery into the western states. The south infrastructure was based on the production of cotton as its staple for economic development. The picking of cotton by the slaves was the main labor force in the south. The Northern states were based around urban development. The northern city’s desired social change with all races living collectively. Another element to the beginning of the warfare was supported by the articles of confederation that were primarily based on a weak federal government that draws concern at the US Constitution which limits some of the powers of the articles. One of the issues of the article gave slave owners the right to return runaway slaves that sought freedom in a free state called the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850. Some States wanted to negate the federal law as unconstitutional and create a law as it pertains to its s tate. Nevertheless, the US Constitution did not honor the states reason, further inciting tension amongst the states. The abolitionist was another catalyst that further divided the country. They believed all peopleShow MoreRelatedThe Civil War : The United States1622 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil War divided the United States with its’ origin in the struggle to preserve the Union from the Confederacy’s succession. A war to maintain the United States quickly progressed to battles fought because of the controversial beliefs on slavery in the North and South. In the coming of the Civil War there were questions and confusion that many Americans were faced with in the words of the South’s succession. During the war, families were torn due to the men lost to the Union or Confederate causesRead MoreThe United States Civil War918 Words   |  4 PagesThe United States civil war is thought of as what determined what kind of country we would be today. The U.S. civil wa r, otherwise known as the war of the states, began on April 12, 1861, and lasted until 1865. It consisted of the North (the Union) or the â€Å"free states†, against the South (the confederates) the slave states. When Abraham Lincoln became president in 1860 he made promises of free territories, which caused a division between men who owned slaves and men who agreed with Lincoln. SlavesRead MoreUnited States And The Civil War1668 Words   |  7 PagesUS Civil War United States of America was formed as a result of the revolution that continued from 1776 to 1783. After that, United States was divided into two wings/ parts that are the southern and the northern parts. Then conflict between the two aroused because the northern and the southern societies were totally different of each other in terms of economic structure, social class, politics and other social matters especially slavery. The civil war, that started in 1861 and ended in 1865, wasRead MoreThe Civil War : The United States909 Words   |  4 PagesThe Civil War was one of the most pivotal and significant moments in the history of the United States of America. Therefore, its impact of the Civil War was tremendous, and in many ways has shaped the way the United States has evolved into the present. The Civil War brought lots of beneficial changes to America including economic, agriculture, military, and people’s lives. During the Civil War, women stepped out of their domestic do mains to help or support their husbands in the field, or other soldiersRead MoreThe Civil War Of The United States1605 Words   |  7 PagesThe Civil War of the United States was a major and influential event in the history of our country. The Civil War shaped our nation and how we think of liberty in general. Such a big event in our antiquity must have been caused by a series of dominant events. However, a War of this size has many effects to go along with it. The most common effect thought of is the freedom of slaves, however, the Civil War was not just a war fought for freedom. One major cause of the Civil War was the issue of slaveryRead MoreThe Civil War Of The United States1561 Words   |  7 PagesCivil War Slaves Freedom can be defined as, â€Å"the power or right to act, speak, or think as one wants without hindrance or restraint†. (Definition) Everyone in the United States of America is entitled to this basic human right, presented to us by our founding fathers, though it was not always that simple. Even though it was in the Constitution, many people living before the mid 18th century in the United States were not extended this right, due to their nationality or lack of fortune. Someone lackingRead MoreThe United States And The Civil War920 Words   |  4 Pagesknown in the United States as simply the Civil War as well as other sectional names, was a civil war fought from 1861 to 1865 to determine the survival of the Union or independence for the Confederacy. Among the 34 states in January 1861, seven Southern slave states individually declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America. The Confederacy, often simply called the South, grew t o include eleven states, and although they claimed thirteen states and additionalRead MoreThe Civil War Of The United States1233 Words   |  5 Pages â€Å"Blundering Generation† Division among a population for opposing goals wasn t a new concept brought to light by the Civil War. Almost one hundred years prior to the Civil War, inhabitants of the thirteen colonies fought against each other towards their differing support for their wages of unity. Patriots fought Loyalists for coalition of the colonies, and likewise Northerners now fought Southerners for the preservation of the Union. The imminent breakup of the Union, likewise to the dissolutionRead MoreThe Civil War Of The United States1440 Words   |  6 Pages The Civil War was one of the most deadly wars the United States ever fought it was fought between the North and South and to this day still leaves a big mark on the history of the United States. Though the Civil War seemed to be clear cut on what happened during the conflict its cause is to this day seemingly undecided. Was it the simple piece of legislature called the Kansas-Nebraska act that started it or the election of the United States president Abraham Lincoln that caused the turmoil? EitherRead MoreThe Civil War Of The United States1082 Words   |  5 Pagesof the United States was the Civil War. The Civil War is often remembered as the war to end slavery. While that did play a part of the Civil War the larger issue at hand was the annihilation of the United States of America. The Confederate States of America wanted to break away from the United States and form their own country. The Confederate States of America, or more commonly known as the Confederacy, was formed by seven slave states located in the southern region of the United States. The economy

Ceo Overpaid Free Essays

The topic of my report is the myth about American chief executives being overpaid. To start with, the idea that American bosses are obscenely overpaid dominates in the modern society. For instance, Among the true believers in this consideration are the NY times and Forbes who complain of fat paychecks awarded to CEOs who don’t deserve them. We will write a custom essay sample on Ceo Overpaid or any similar topic only for you Order Now What is the basis of this orthodoxy? Actually it rests on three propositions First and foremost – CEO pay just keeps on going up The second one – the fact that it is not tied to performance of the company and the last but not least – that boards are not restraining their appetite. Altogether these propositions in turn rest on a bigger argument: that CEOs are using their political power to tamper with the system. The article highlights Steven Kaplans opinion as recently he has published a research regarding the problem. Above all, it should be noted that he distinguishes estimated and realized pay. Estimated pay is t Estimated pay is the estimated value of the CEO’s pay, including stock options, when the board does the hiring. Realised pay is what the CEO actually makes when he exercises his options. In fact Steven Kaplan disproves practically all the arguments given above. First, He questiones the idea that CEO pay always goes up by providing data which shows that, it shot up between 1993 and 2000. But since then it has fallen. Average estimated pay for the bosses of SP 500 companies has declined by 46% since 2000. Furthermore, turning to relationship between pay and perfomance Mr Kaplan argues that CEOs are clearly paid for improving the performance of their company’s stock. Firms with CEOs in the highest 20% of realised pay generated stock returns 60% greater than those of other firms in their industries over the previous three years. Firms with CEOs in the bottom 20% underperform their industries by almost 20%. CEOs are also kicked out if they fail to perform well. Thus Mr Kaplan provides a valuable corrective to much of the rhetoric that surrounds this subject. But two questions remain troubling. One is about short-termism. Many critics of CEO pay argue that the problem lies not with the size of the pay packets but with the incentives that they create. Many bosses receive options that are worthless unless the company’s shares reach a certain price, but fabulously lucrative if they exceed it. This may spur them to take big risks to boost share prices in the short term, and then cash out. But if their bets go sour, other shareholders suffer. According to the author of the article, it would be better to pay bosses in restricted shares, which they must hold for a specified period rather than choosing when to sell. The second question concerns the political economy of inequality. It is one thing for CEOs to earn $10m a year when the economy is booming, but quite another when unemployment is 8%. For example, the CEOs of such companies as CBS, Oracle and Viacom all earned more than $50m in 2010. Bosses should not underestimate the risk that their riches could provoke a backlash against business. Nevertheless, there is no quick fix. Some fat-cat floggers want governments to regulate pay to reduce inequality within firms. Other reformers say the way to deal with high pay is to give more power to boards or shareholders. The Dodd-Frank law of 2010 required all public firms to hold an annual â€Å"say on pay† vote for top executives. However last year, despite a lot of noise by activists, shareholders voted to uphold 98% of pay proposals. Finally, The evidence suggests that CEO pay is determined mostly by supply and demand, not bad corporate governance. The thing is that Companies compete for scarce talent. They pay what it takes to woo the best bosses, and sack them if they stumble How to cite Ceo Overpaid, Papers